Quick facts
- Born: 24 September near Germantown (in what is now Fauquier County), Virginia.
- As a boy, Marshall was influenced and encouraged by his father’s friend, George Washington.
- During the Revolutionary War, Marshall served first in the militia, then in the Continental Army, rising to the rank of Captain ( &#; 81).
- He participated in the Battles of Brandywine (), Germantown (), and Monmouth (). He also wintered at Valley Forge ( &#; 78), where General Washington appointed him chief legal officer.
- At the College of William and Mary, he studied law under George Wythe ().
- After President John Adams appointed him Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (), he served through the administrations of Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, and six years into that of Andrew Jackson.
- He served for over 34 years, the longest-serving Chief Justice of the Supreme Court to this day.
- Because Jefferson’s mother and Marshall’s maternal grandmother were first cousins, John Marshall and Thomas Jefferson were second cousins.
- Though distantly related, they detested one another; Marshall was a Federalist, Jefferson a Republican.
- Died: 6 July in Philadelp
John Marshall | Biography
Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme CourtJohn Marshall was a prominent American statesman and Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, known for establishing the principles of constitutional law.
Who is John Marshall?
John Marshall, born on September 24, , in Virginia, was a foundational figure in American jurisprudence and served as the chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from until his death in He began his career as a lawyer in , establishing a successful practice that involved defending clients against British creditors following the American Revolution. Marshall's extensive contributions to law and government included serving in the Virginia General Assembly, as a delegate for the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, and briefly in the U.S. House of Representatives before becoming secretary of state under President John Adams.
As chief justice, Marshall authored over opinions that significantly shaped the American legal landscape. His landmark decisions, including "Marbury v. Madison" and "McCulloch v. Maryland", established principles such as judicial review and the federal government's implied powers. Marshall&
John Marshall
()
Who Was John Marshall?
In , John Marshall started his own law practice, defending clients against pre-war British creditors. From to , he held various political offices, including the position of secretary of state in In , he became chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, serving until his death, on July 6, , in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Early Life
Marshall was born on September 24, , in rural Fauquier County, near Germantown on the Virginia frontier. He was the first of 15 children born to Thomas Marshall and Mary Randolph Keith. His father was a land surveyor for Lord Fairfax, and made a tidy income; his cousin was Humphrey Marshall, who would later become a U.S. senator for Kentucky. Marshall and his father were descendants of colonist William Randolph, who had helped establish the Commonwealth of Virginia.
As a child, Marshall was mainly home-schooled by his father. He did, however, spend one year at Campbell Academy (founded by Reverend Archibald Campbell) in Westmoreland County, with future U.S. President James Monroe as his classmate.
Serving in the Revolutionary War
A major influence on Marshall during his teen years was General George Was
Who Served Here?
John Marshall was born on September 24, in Germantown, Virginia. He served first as lieutenant, and after July, , as captain in the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War, spending the winter of with the troops in Valley Forge. In , he resigned his military commission, studied law, and set up his law practice in Virginia, in Fauquier County and later in Richmond.
John Marshall
painted by Henry Inman,In , he won an an important legal case. He thereafter maintained leadership of the bar of Virginia and was a member of the Virginia assembly in and In , he took a leading part in the Virginia convention called to act on the proposed Constitution of the United States. In he was offered the attorney-generalship by Washington and the position of the Minister to France in , declining both offers.
He did spend the autumn and winter of in France. Marshall, along with Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and Elbridge Gerry, had been appointed by John Adams to negotiate with France, which was embroiled in a war with Britain, during the course of which it had seized American vessels. Tensions between the nations were high and the threat of war loomed.
Patrick He
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