Sir Douglas Mawson
Sir Douglas Mawson () was an Australian scientist and explorer of the Antarctic. His intellectual boldness and skill were matched by a practical initiative and courage which confirms his place among the world's greatest explorers.
Douglas Mawson was born in Yorkshire on May 5, His parents took him to Sydney, New South Wales, when he was 4 years old, and he was educated at Fort Street High School and the University of Sydney. A student of the famous geologist Sir Edgeworth David, Mawson early showed high forensic capability in the field as well as a meticulous scholarly talent. In he graduated in mining engineering and taught briefly at the University of Sydney.
In Mawson was invited to accompany the team which made the first intensive geological survey of the New Hebrides Islands in the Pacific. From he held the lectureship and later the professorship of mineralogy and petrology (geology) at the University of Adelaide. He quickly gained the reputation of an outstanding teacher as well as that of a fine scientist and man of action.
Antarctic Explorations
By Mawson had turned his mind and energies toward Antarctica. Hitherto Britain, Sweden, and German
Sir Douglas Mawson ( to )
to Australasian Antarctic Expedition (AAE)
Explorers during this time were focused on being the first to reach the South Geographic Pole. However, Mawson’s passion for advancing scientific knowledge inspired him to develop an Australian-led Antarctic research expedition.
Embarking on the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (AAE) with Mawson, John King Davis captained the Aurora with a crew and 31 expeditioners. The ship carried materials for living huts, and wireless masts to establish the first radio communications in Antarctica. Five men set up a base at Macquarie Island, while the remainder sailed on to the Antarctic continent to establish 2 bases. Mawson led the Main Base at Commonwealth Bay. Frank Wild led the Western Base at Queen Mary Land.
In November , the Far Eastern sledging party led by Mawson departed the Main Base at Commonwealth Bay, unaware of the tragedy about to unfold. On the traverse, Belgrave Ninnis was lost when he plummeted down a crevasse with a sledge carrying many of the supplies. Xavier Mertz perished from physical exhaustion, starvation and possible toxicity from eating dogs’ livers. Alone, Mawson was determined to retur
A synopsis of Mawson's life
The name of Sir Douglas Mawson is synonymous with Australia's Antarctic history. He was a true pioneer, venturing into unknown, hostile territory, and almost losing his own life, in the cause of science.
Born in Yorkshire, England in , Douglas was just two when his family moved to Sydney. Educated first at Fort Street Model School and then (from age 16) at the University of Sydney, Douglas graduated in Engineering and Science. During this time he came under the influence of Professor Edgeworth David, the leading Australian geologist of the day. His first published paper was on the Geology of Mittagong, a work done with his fellow science student and friend T. Griffith Taylor, later to make his mark in Antarctic science. In , before completing his science degree, he made a geological survey of the New Hebrides (Vanuatu) and in produced one of the first major works on the geology of Melanesia.
Mawson became lecturer in mineralogy and petrology at the University of Adelaide in , describing radioactive minerals from Radium Hill and undertaking extensive fieldwork in the Barrier Ranges (including Broken Hill), where he studied past glacial activity. H
Douglas Mawson
| Australian Antarctic polar explorer Date of Birth: Country: Australia |
Content:
- Sir Douglas Mawson: Antarctic Explorer
- Antarctic Expeditions
- Second Expedition ()
- The expedition made significant discoveries, including:
- - Discovered Enderby Land and the Princess Elizabeth Land
Sir Douglas Mawson: Antarctic Explorer
Early Life and EducationDouglas Mawson was born on May 5, , in Bradford, Yorkshire, England. His family emigrated to Australia when he was two years old. Mawson considered Australia his true homeland and dedicated his life to its exploration.
He attended Sydney University, graduating with a degree in mining engineering in Mawson continued his studies and earned a Bachelor of Science degree in geology in
Antarctic Expeditions
First Expedition ()Mawson joined Shackleton's Antarctic expedition as a geologist. While Shackleton and others attempted to reach the South Pole, Mawson's team reached the South Magnetic Pole on January 16,
Second Expedition ()
Mawson led his own Antarctic expedition, known as the Australasian Antarctic Expedition. The primary objective was to explore the unknown region of Antarctica south of Austr
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